Ralston Valley Volunteer Fire Department Essay

Question 1: One of Rick Wyatt’s advancement destinations ought to be to assemble mindfulness. The content drew out that numerous residents of Ralston Valley were ignorant of the nearness of volunteer firemen, accepting a paid staff was consistently close by. By making individuals aware of this social assistance, he can create enthusiasm for his intended interest group of youthful, solid people having the nature of responsibility. Another target of Wyatt’s is to excite request. In this goal, Rick should plan to set up client esteem, giving his crowd a strong motivation to take an interest in the volunteer fireman program. Satisfying this target will empower the Volunteer Fire Department to increase newcomers. Rick Wyatt’s third target ought to be to stress and fortify the RVVFD brand. This target takes the client esteem set up in target two to enlist new individuals, hold current individuals, and construct connections. Question 2: To accomplish his special Objectives, Rick Wyatt can begin by having a cultural advertising Orientation. This direction will impart to his crowd that the RVVFD is providing the town with required firemen, and is worried about the government assistance of the network. To achieve the goal to manufacture mindfulness, Wyatt needs to promote. Because of restricted financing, the least expensive and best promoting is verbal. Rick was selected by his companion, a RVVFD volunteer, educating him concerning his job in the association. Rick can request that his kindred individuals accept open doors for the duration of the day to tell family, companions, and partners of what they do. Alongside informal publicizing, he can likewise consolidate the web to blog about his encounters. In the wake of building consciousness of the administration, and giving data, he can start to animate interest. Rick can exploit the yearly exercises, and fuse little, appealling discourses, expressing what the organization has accomplished, and its requirement for network support. In conclusion, to underscore the RVVFD brand, the advancements need to leave an enduring impact in the core of his crowd. This will fabricate a relationship of trust to his crowd. Rick needs to obviously express the Fire Department’s Mission proclamation. It would likewise be insightful to call attention to the prerequisites expected to expected to satisfy the activity, and impart certainty that normal ordinary residents can meet those necessities by bringing up that the power is contained legal advisors just as housewives. This last stage will be perfect to hold current individuals, and furthermore connecting with new individuals, while setting up a decent notoriety that construct unwaveringness.

Symbolism In Patterns By Amy Lowell Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper Imagery in Patterns by Amy Lowell Interfering with the Patterned Mold At the point when one hears the words, I sink on a spot in the obscurity, they will in all probability signifier a visual picture in their caput, for example, an individual sitting under a tree. Amy Lowell, an imagist, utilizes fresh pictures, exact word usage, and nonliteral location as an organization of beautiful hope to inspire the faculties of the peruser. In Patterns, Amy Lowell investigates the cheerful independence of grown-up females in the mid twentieth century through a cardinal subject. A grown-up female s long for get awaying the limits that society has put on her scatters when she learns of her sweetheart s rashly expire. Of the numerous pictures in this refrain structure, the unchanging signals of the blossoms and waterdrops, the gown the grown-up female is have oning, and her dream of her sweetheart are generally significant in building up this subject of opportunity. In the start of the refrain structure, each piece great as all through the work, the talker depicts Narcissus pseudonarcissuss and different kinds of blossoms voyaging uninhibitedly noticeable all around current. Utilizing creative mind to engage the peruser s feeling of sight, these blossoms are given signal, and they are depicted as, blowing, ( 3 ) and Flutter [ ing ] in the breeze, ( 23 ) . This makes a feeling of opportunity and flexibleness. The grown-up female in the stanza structure, possibly Amy, wishes to resemble the voyaging blossoms, lighthearted and carefree. In the second refrain of the stanza structure, the grown-up female starts to delineate the H2O in the marble wellspring. The, plashing of waterdrops, ( 28 ) and, thudding of the waterdrops, ( 54 ) portray fluid in signal. The way that she notification such little inside informations in a wellspring shows how hostage the grown-up female is on being free and ready to travel roughly however she sees fit. The unconstrai ned movement of the blossoms and the H2O show a way of life that the grown-up female would wish to populate. What is keeping up her from the discharge that she yearns for? The pictures in the section structure name the coupling gown as the culprit, yet after adding further to the signs of the creative mind, one will happen that there is an increasingly muddled ground for her wretchedness. The firm, brocaded outfit ( 5 ) is referenced commonly all through the section structure. Of class, back in that cut, the grown-up female was non just in a solid, awkward dress in the warmth of summer, however she was other than in all likelihood have oning a support. The Random House Webster s College Dictionary gives the meaning of brocaded as, a texture woven with an expand raised plan, much of the time using gold or Ag yarn. This firm, imprisoning bit of vesture represents the limits that society has set on grown-up females during their clasp. They needed to move conventionally, look decent, and maintain all models especially if they somehow happened to be sought and hitched to a good grown-up male. The portrayal of the train on the grown-up female s dress other t han has explicit creative mind. The grown-up female exchanges about how, the train/Makes a pink and splinter stain/On the squashed stone, ( ) The primary picture an individual gets in their caput is one of a tr ain on a gown hauling over the squashed shake and go forthing behind colourss of pink and Ag. This representation, all things considered, makes them fundamental essentialness, and represents the planning that she got to move adequately as a woman. This readiness abandons a flaw, or staining, of high request ( pink ) and familiarity ( Ag ) that she just realizes how to proceed, and does non want to be a bit of her actual self image. She feels that larning the way the open needs her to move and look has someway thwarted her actual being. In spite of the fact that it was anguishing for the grown-up female to stay inside all of society s models, she went along only on the grounds that she realized that her sweetheart held the way in to the lock on her discharge. In get marrieding him, she felt as if she would be liberated to do her ain judgments. The grown-up female idea that he would let her to bring him down the numerous waies in their lives. Next, the grown-up female arrangements about how it will be the point at which her sweetheart comes back to her. She would, run along the ways/And he would flounder after, ( 43-44 ) what's more, pick/To take him in a maze along the designed waies, ( 47-48 ) . These lines show how the nearness of her sweetheart permits her to take him, in this manner interfering with liberated from the limits hung on her. She is other than going through a maze, non strolling along the waies. This shows she is done making what others have done and have advised her to make, however she is making her ain way and uncovering through and through freedom. This creative mind is utilized to demo that in her from now on with this grown-up male, she will non hold to populate her life the way others have designed it out for her. Through his adoration for her, she will be permitted to interfere with the cast and be her ain person. Sadly, her darling kicks the bucket at war and she has returned to where she started , have oning a hardened dress, after the waies effectively made, and trusting that another grown-up male will go along to convey her from this jail cell. I wonder what was the fate of this grown-up female in the section structure. I trust that she in the long run found another adoration to convey her from the limits of convention. I am truly appreciative that I live in a universe today where grown-up females aren T each piece persecuted as they were, harking back to the 1800s-mid 1900s. It must hold been detering to cognize that a grown-up female s felicity and opportunity in life relies upon what a grown-up male will let you to hold, and it really took a solid grown-up female to improve of the shamefulness appeared to them. From Amy Lowell s poesy, I can express that she had an energy to adjust grown-up females s lives. The way she depicts the free movement of blossoms blowing noticeable all around present and standing out it from a picture of a solid, brocaded outfit really causes you to see how she is encountering. Sadly, she needed to go on with her designed way of life for longer than she trusted. I, on the different manus, am al lowed to take my ain way, or do up another one. I likely would non be the person that I am today had it non been for the ascent in grown-up females s rights. I am fortunate to be a grown-up female of the 90s and non the mid 1900s!

Weve Gone Live! - Focus

Weve Gone Live! - Focus We are very proud to announce that after a thorough private beta phase,  MindMeister went live today at 11 pm CEST! As you can see weve been busy over the last few weeks building in new features that were most frequently requested by our beta testers (thanks to everybody btw for their extremely valuable feedback and suggestions!) Some of the highlights include: Support for font sizes and styles Support for notes on ideas A completely revised map UI (sidebar) Notifications on map changes by email and text message (text alerts via Twitter) Copy/paste between maps Title, descriptions, and tags for maps Detailed list view for maps and many more Check out the online help section for an overview of whats new and let us know via the feedback button (which has been moved to the footer now) what you think of the new MindMeister features! Oh, and weve also counted our 10,000th user these last few days  its great to see how many people are using mind mapping! Weve Gone Live! - Focus We are very proud to announce that after a thorough private beta phase,  MindMeister went live today at 11 pm CEST! As you can see weve been busy over the last few weeks building in new features that were most frequently requested by our beta testers (thanks to everybody btw for their extremely valuable feedback and suggestions!) Some of the highlights include: Support for font sizes and styles Support for notes on ideas A completely revised map UI (sidebar) Notifications on map changes by email and text message (text alerts via Twitter) Copy/paste between maps Title, descriptions, and tags for maps Detailed list view for maps and many more Check out the online help section for an overview of whats new and let us know via the feedback button (which has been moved to the footer now) what you think of the new MindMeister features! Oh, and weve also counted our 10,000th user these last few days  its great to see how many people are using mind mapping!

My Leadership As A Position Of Leadership - 1830 Words

The ways in which my leadership strengths are capable of being used within in organization had never been something that I had thought about prior to the strength finder activity. For me a position of leadership had always been a potential future responsibility of mine. However, upon taking the strength finder quiz, three of the results that I received were developer, connectedness and learner, and I began to see how I could use these in my work upon graduation. The future of the way in which individuals approach work is changing, no longer is the need of the organizations paramount over the employers. In order to be a productive member of the future of organization, I need to understand how I can use my leadership skills within the†¦show more content†¦Regardless of the difficulty of the situation, when I am approached to offer my assistance, I feel as if my contribution is capable of making a difference; â€Å" no individual is fully formed†¦ each individual is a wor k in progress, alive with possibilities† (Rath, 89). As a leader, I approach situations with positivity; individuals are capable of succeeding when they believe they have people rooting for their success. As a leader, being a support system does not only allow for the growth of the individual, but has the opportunity to lead to a successful organization. As much as our society believes that the way to achieve the highest level of success is through placing the needs of one’s self above the needs of the rest of society, the connectedness that exists in our society shows how interdependent we are. As a young adult, I have heard constantly how we must achieve the highest level of education, outperform our competitors on interviews, and surpass our co-workers work ethic. However, what that leads to is a work environment in which individuals choose not to make a suggestion that benefits the company because they don’t believe that their suggestions will be heard. Rec ognizing that I am able to acknowledge that though, â€Å"â€Å"we are individuals responsible for our own judgments†¦we are apart of something

The Idealistic Values That Fueled The Violent And Bloody...

Libertà ©, à ©galità ©, fraternità ©. The idealistic values that fueled the violent and bloody French Revolution. Rigid class hierarchy served as one of the factors that beget the turbulence of a war-torn France in the 1800’s—the tumultuous era in which Guy de Maupassant penned his short story, â€Å"The Necklace.† The Loisels, the main couple of the story, demonstrate unhappiness with their social structure and the insatiable desire for a higher social standing. Yet instead of seeking such lofty ideals as liberty and equality, they sought tangible wealth. By dehumanizing and demeaning her husband in order to achieve a faà §ade of wealth, yet ultimately achieving nothing but a loss of social and economic status, Mathilde Loisel embodies the superficial mindset that Maupassant vilifies. Depicting Mathilde as a shallow woman who loses everything—while mindlessly striving to have more—and contrasting her with her seemingly more simplistic husband, seems to encourage the denunciation of avaricious, materialistic characteristics and the search for excess in order to prevent future generations from essentially turning into objects themselves and precipitating an inexorable fall of their own. Mathilde Loisel typifies an obsession with wealth, serving as the physical representation of an overpowering desire that is ultimately self-destructive and causes a loss of her social identity. When detailing the appearance of her home, Mathilde â€Å"suffered ceaselessly, feeling herself born for all theShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthat a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the same time, without serious attention to the processes and misguided policies that led to decades of agrarian and industrial depression from the late 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political

Nature of Work Free Essays

Marine Biology also refers to Biological Sciences or Biological Oceanography. Marine Science is the general term for research conducted in oceans and coastal or inland waters connected to the sea. This particular field is probably the best known to the public. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature of Work or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marine Biology deals with the study of micro and living organisms such as plants, animals, viruses, and bacteria in oceans, estuaries, and other bodies of salt water. In the feild of Marine Biology you plan, participate in, and administer research programs for government experiment stations such as private research centers, manufactoring irms, and medical service industries. Tools and equipment for this career includes lab animals, X-Ray and other lab equipment, computers, spectrophotometers, collections of specimens, and a Starting no later than high school, a Marine Biologist should obtain a solid education in as many basic sciences as possible including chemistry, physics, and biology. Mathematics is essential. Plane geometry, trigonometry, solid geometry, and two years of algebra are recommended. Good English is no less important, for both written and oral reports are a big part of Marine Biology. The tudy of a foreign language, especially French, German, or Russian should begin early. Degrees in this study are offered only to college graduate students. Most entry level jobs minimally require a Bachelors degree in a natural science from an accredited college or university. Doctoral degree holders face competition for independent research positions. Those with a Bachelors degree or Masters degree in biological sciences can expect better opportunities for nonresearch In order to be a Marine Biologist or in any line of work, you have to be really dedicated to your job. This is the job I have always wanted ever since I was a little girl. I always loved the water especially the ocean. I think there is so much to discover about it and there are so many marine animals yet to be revealed. If I ever do become a Marine Biologist I either want to work in the laboratory or work in the field. I think it would be interesting to travel to different parts of oceans and discover what kind of plants and animals hide beneath the deep blue waters. Laboratory technicians and testers can acquire more education experience. They can work their way up through research ositions and may reach administrative posts in government or industry. As a rule, high paying postions of prestige go to those with a Ph. D degree and a history of successful research. C. Earnings and Working Conditions Marine Biologists may work in a laboratory, classroom, museum and industrial setting, a botanical garden or zoo, or in a field. They may either work alone or with engineers, technicians, and other scientists at various stages of research or product development. Working conditions vary with the kind of work they do. Indoor work areas may be quiet, well lighted, and air-conditioned. Those who work n laboratories or industrial settings must keep work areas very clean. Ventilation systems generally provide protection from dust, fumes, and odors. Special precautions are taken to protect those scientists who work with infectuous creatures or poisonous chemicals. While working in the field some Marine Biologists travel to coral reefs in tropical seas and ocean waters in cooler climates having to work a The earnings of a Marine Biologist are complicated. Most of these researchers recieve a salary directly from an employer. They write proposals in order to have their research ideas funded by private and overnment agencies. The quality of their results often determines whether they recieve money for future efforts, and consequently, whether they work and for how long. The salaries of a Marine Biologist comes down to each persons education, experience, and At the present time the profession of Marine Biology is one of the least crowded of the science fields. There are only a few thousand Marine Biologists in research, with less than three thousand graduates working and teaching in the United States. Since there is a limited number, opportunities in research are few and competition is stiff. How to cite Nature of Work, Papers

International Business ASEAN Free Trade Area

Question: Discuss about theInternational Business for ASEAN Free Trade Area. Answer: Introduction The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is an agreement of trade bloc conducted by Association of Southeast Asian nations that takes care of the local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries. Here in this report, the advantages and disadvantages of Thailand and Brunei Darussalam will be analyzed Advantages of Thailand The location of Thailand always gives them positive results. It acts as the gateway to Asia, which is the largest growing economy at present. According to Aggarwal and Urata (2013), Thailand enjoys easy trade with China, India, and with all the countries included in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Thailand, being one of the founder members of ASEAN has contributed in the formation and growth of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA). Surely, Thailand is among one of those countries that enjoy some advantages from AFTA. Nguyen (2016) discussed, as per the advice given by The International Institute for Trade and Development to Thailand, they have focused on preparing itself as a major economic hub in terms of both private and public sector. According to Findlay (2015), the country should focus on complete liberalization of its public and private sectors from AFTA. Plummer et al (2016) discussed, it is found that from the last year, the economy of Thailand has improved it s dismal 0.8% because of the expansion of the service and decline in contraction in product exports. According to Area et al (2013), some other benefits that Thailand enjoys from Free Trade Agreement are as follows: More Thai investment in China: From ASEAN FTA negotiations, the most advantageous business areas are hospitality, retailing, restaurants, logistics, tour companies, and education. The Asian-China Free Trade Area arrangement is instrumental in liberalizing the service sectors. According to Liu and Jayanthakumaran (2016), with the 7.4% growth in the service sector of China, it has become a potential market for most of the Thai firms. As discussed by Hayakawa et al (2013), it is a fact that Chinese service sector has faced slow growth since the past few years; it will grow in future due to some effective government measures. In future, the income of both the rural and the local people will improve the condition. According to Kawai and Wignaraja (2013), the national development plans, initiated by the government will accelerate the process of economic growth as it aims to increase the contribution of the service sectors from 40% to 50%. Such a situation will take place by 2020. This will enable Thai business to take advantage of the expanding Chinese market. Tourism is one such sector that can be exploited. Other sectors include Thai spas along with their medical herbs, and natural products. These service industries hold high potential to expand itself into Chinese market. Regulations for investment in the Chinese market have been made more flexible by through FTA. After the second round of negotiations, the Thai entrepreneurs will get the chance to expand their business in China with introduction of 12 new service sectors. As discussed by Chandra (2015), at the same time, investing in Thai shipping and construction will open up new opportunities for the Chinese investors too. According to Postigo (2014), tariff reduction with products in India: The India-ASEAN FTA is instrumental in tariff reduction on products including machinery, chemicals, electronics, and textiles. The 80% of total trades between India and ASEAN countries are benefitted from these reduced tariffs. Within 2013 to 2016, the tariff was reduced to zero. This ASEAN-India FTA is instrumental in accelerating the value of trade. Urata (2014) discussed, it has raised the trade between India and Thailand to $10 billion. However, the estimation was $6 billion. The major exported products to Thailand are metal ores, gemstone, steel, products, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, and vegetables. The major imports to India from Thailand are electric goods, crude oil products, air-conditioning machinery, television receivers, and plastic products. However, India and Thailand have agreed on changing Tariff sub-heading and local content of 35% to consider the origin of products. In addition, they have agreed on Product Specific Rules (PSR). Disadvantages of Thailand: Thailand is concerned about effect of FTA on some agricultural products including palm oil and rice. Such products are included into the countrys sensitive product list. According to Kim et al (2016), it carries tariff of 5%. However, the main challenge of Thailand is to develop the skills and products to meet the demands of the customers. They should focus more on brand awareness to increase the demands for Thai products in the global market. Advantages of Brunei Darussalam It is found that agriculture and fisheries have become major products for the economic growth of Brunei Darussalam in 2015. However, the economy is expected to grow with the increase of oil and gas production. According to Findlay (2015), the 11 FTAs are helping Brunei Darussalam. The global oil glut has underscored all endeavours of reducing oil export dependency of Brunei Darussalam through introducing diversification measures. It has focused on increasing manufacturing and industrial exports to develop local trade. For legal and regulatory reforms, the authorities are focusing on new Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). FTA has helped Brunei Darussalam to expand its export market in South Korea, Japan, and Thailand. As a result, the amount of export is 30.8%, 26.2%, and 11.3% respectively. The total export in the oil and gas industries in 2015 was 92%. The primary imports include machinery products and transport equipments. Chandra (2015) discussed, the two major negotiations are- Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), and Bilateral Tax Information Exchange Agreement. FTA has made the Foreign Ownership system in Brunei Darussalam flexible. It is not restricted here. To discuss the incentive policies, the FTA has made the rule that some companies that deal machinery, component parts, equipments, and accessories and building structure are exempted import duties. Another benefit is that the government is hoping an expansion of in the high-tech industries of this country. The trade partnership with India has also become advantageous to them. The Environment Cooperation Agreement and Labor cooperation MOU is the agreement that is instrumental in promoting environmental and labour practices in this country. Disadvantages of Brunei Darussalam: It is a fact Brunei is small market. Therefore, they need more FDI support. According to Chandra (2015), they should focus on developing and exploiting the Aerospace and agriculture and processed food sectors because these are the two major areas in the local market. The small geography and population is the reason behind its avoidance towards large-scale defence equipment purchase. The situation can be improved through FTA. The agreements should encourage partnerships between foreign suppliers and local companies. The areas that can help in developing the economy and expansion of the business include education, agriculture, and Defence and security. The Most Benefitted Country and its Sector Singapore seems to be the most advantageous country enjoying the negotiations of FTA. Till now, 20 FTAs have been implemented and they have 31 trading partners. The largest trade and investment partner of Singapore within Asia is India and the particular business sector that has improved is financial and legal services. According to Findlay (2015), the key benefits are as follows: Restrictions over wholesale banking licences are eased and an improved operating environment for all kinds of financial services is made. Indian law firms and Indian law degrees are given due recognition in Singapore. Through FTA, the residency requirements for Indian professionals in Singapore are made easy. Any short term entry to Singapore for business purpose of the Australian people is also made possible. It has enhanced the business situation. Paperless trading is also given importance to reduce any issues of business related transactions. The economic partnership between Singapore and Indonesia is also a major negotiation. It allows free trade flows that help the export to flourish. As a result, Singapore has developed immensely in past few years. Singapore has become one of the largest export destinations for Indonesia. Findlay (2015) discussed, the contribution of the agreement in the sectors of services is as follows: Free entry to the business visitors and short-term residency purposes in Singapore Reduction in business costs and red tape around the processing of customs, and quarantine standards are major steps. The negotiation has made the purchase of services from Singapore by the people of New Zealand easy. The most Non-Benefitted Country and its Sector FTA, however, does not benefit the poor countries. The expensive nature of the FTAs and unfairness from the part of the authorities are the main reasons of this. Myanmar is one such country. Findlay (2015) opined, this country is one of the poorest countries in the worlds. Even after being a part of ASEAN Free Trade Agreements, the country suffers from trade deficit. The sectors that need development are education and technology. Myanmar is lagging behind due to a large section of its uneducated workforce. AFTA has not taken proper initiatives to enhance its foreign relations with other Asian countries. Most of the goods cross the border of Thailand. The authorities should focus on developing infrastructure. The railways are old. In addition, inflation is a major problem for the growth of its economy. According to Findlay (2015), AFTA should focus on Myanmars free trade with India and Malaysia. Major import and export across these nations can develop Myanmars economy. References Aggarwal, V. and Urata, S., 2013.Bilateral Trade Agreements in the Asia-Pacific: Origins, Evolution, and Implications. Routledge. Area, A.F.T., Window, A.S., Zone, B.G.E., Force, B.G., Built, O., Baht, T.T. and Zone, B.T.C., 2013. ASEAN China Free Trade Area Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between ASEAN and China AyeyarwadyChao PhrayaMekong Economic Cooperation Strategy.Border Economies in the Greater Mekong Sub-region. Chandra, A.C., 2015. ASEANs rush towards free trade agreements: Do they deliver.ASEAN-Australia relations. Palgrave Macmillan. Findlay, C. ed., 2015.ASEAN and Regional Free Trade Agreements. Routledge. Hayakawa, K., Hiratsuka, D., Shiino, K. and Sukegawa, S., 2013. Who Uses Free Trade Agreements?.Asian Economic Journal,27(3), pp.245-264. Kawai, M. and Wignaraja, G., 2013. Patterns of free trade areas in Asia. Kim, S.Y., Mansfield, E.D. and Milner, H.V., 2016. Regional Trade Governance.The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Regionalism, p.323. Liu, Y. and Jayanthakumaran, K., 2016. Peoples Republic of China (PRC): Thailand Economic Relationship After Signing of Free Trade Agreement in 2005. InChinese Global Production Networks in ASEAN(pp. 77-95). Springer International Publishing. Nguyen, S.T., 2016. Impact of ASEAN: China free trade area on trade flows. Plummer, M.G., Morgan, P.J. and Wignaraja, G. eds., 2016.Connecting Asia: Infrastructure for Integrating South and Southeast AsiaThis book analyses how closer regional connectivity and economic integration between South Asia and Southeast Asia can benefit both regions. With a focus on the role played by infrastructure and public policies in facilitating this process, it provides a detailed and up-to-date discussion of issues, innovations, and progress. Country studies of national connectivity issues and policies cover Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri .... Edward Elgar Publishing. Postigo, A., 2014. Liberalisation and protection under overlapping free trade agreements: dynamic interplay between free trade agreements and investment.The World Economy,37(11), pp.1612-1633. Urata, S., 2014. Managing Asias Free Trade Agreements. InThe Political Economy of Asian Regionalism(pp. 59-83). Springer Japan.

The Handmaids Tale Essays - The Handmaids Tale, Handmaiden, Gilead

The Handmaid's Tale In Margaret Atwood's, The Handmaid's Tale, our eyes are open to an oppressive society of which seems to be the near future. Widespread sterility has led to the rich controlling young women of childbearing age, who are called "handmaidens". The tale is narrated by Kate, also known as "Offred", her handmaid name. She relates her struggle throughout in the most vivid of ways. The struggle around her: the oppressive Republic of Gilead, and the struggle within herself: her effort to maintain her sanity. Her narration is tainted with one main motive, which is her relentless pursuit for the past. The way things used to be things that were so basic to her. Moreover, it is her strive to regain the freedom she has been stripped of which guides her. It is her light at the end of a tunnel she has involuntarily been placed. In the republic of Gilead, women are categorized as Wives, Marthas, Aunts and Handmaids. The latter is considered to be the most valuable of their resources, for they are able to bear children. This society uses a systematic approach to produce offspring, in other words, for the republic to grow. The commanders, top- ranking officials of Gilead, are the wives' husbands. Every so often, "ceremonies" are held where the Commander would attempt to impregnate the handmaid. If successful, the child was claimed by the wives as theirs. The handmaid was not more than a means to an end result. Violation of the norms was not tolerated. The punishment in the most cases was death, which also served as an example to the handmaids. Thus conformity with the rules was a necessity to stay alive, something she questioned if it was worth or not. In the end, Kate is accused of attending Jezebel's with the Commander. Jezebel's can be described as a getaway within the republic. A gathering of people who are there to socialize. Something Kate had been deprived from. In the final moments of her tale, as she sees guards come for her arrest (or so she thought) she contemplates suicide as an alternative for her demise. It was an option she highly welcomed for she rather give up her life than her sanity and her freedom. The guards who took her over came in with Nick (the driver), a character who played a positive role in her stay. They hop in the van. Destination: Unknown. In the end, Atwood leaves up in the air the outcome of Kate's removal. More likely than not, it is a positive one hinted by Nick' appearance in the end. Aside from the story one can find the underlying theme to be one that is not defined with one word. It is the idea of us taking such a basic right as freedom, in its many forms, for granted. Many at times, the only time we acknowledge what we have is when it is taken from us. In addition, another thematic issue notable to mention is the classification or categorization of the female gender. In the story, the women carry on a label, which goes in accordance to the roles they play in this fictitious society. We must consider ourselves very fortunate for not living in a real-life Gilead. Nevertheless, the genre of this novel is not fantasy but rather fiction and thus implying this can actually occur. We must then recognize the problems that Atwood was trying to point out. The relationship between Gilead and our society is the fact that gender does play a major factor on the way we are expected to behave. Not drastically, such as in the novel but enough to coerce us to conduct ourselves distinctively and play the assigned role of our gender.

The Importance of Being Earnest Research Paper Example

The Importance of Being Earnest Research Paper Example The Importance of Being Earnest Paper The Importance of Being Earnest Paper when Algernon asks why he has come to the town. This shows he is irresponsible because it shows he just wants to have fun and enjoy himself. This quote also shows he is wealthy and extravagant because he can obviously travel whenever he wants to and has the cash to do so. This links back to the point that he is irresponsible because if he had the sole responsibility of anything then he wouldnt just be able to travel for example if he worked then he would not just be able to leave his job. The word pleasure emphasises the point that the character Jack is wealthy, as he clearly has a luxurious lifestyle and the money to afford pleasure. The phrase what else should bring one anywhere? also suggests he is young and care free because he has no understanding that people might not travel for pleasure. He appears to be living in his own little world and has no idea that others struggle to find the money to survive and have to work very hard to do so. This is an important part of Oscar Wildes message that the rich were quite nai ve but I will discuss this further later. On the other hand this quote could show he was just spontaneous and always looking for an adventure. Instead of being frivolous he is just enjoying the money he has and making the most of his life. It would probably depend on the audiences views on money as to whether they saw Jack as overly extravagant or just spontaneous. The idea that he is irresponsible is actually not a true character trait, because actually Jack is quite devious, and does have responsibilities because he is a guardian in the country, where he is known as Jack, to Cecily his ward. The previous quote applies to this as well because doesnt want Algernon to find out he has responsibilities as he may come across as boring. While he is actually travelling to the town for pleasure, he tries to cover the fact he has a secret life in the country with what else should bring one anywhere? This acts as a cover because Jack knows that travelling isnt always about pleasure but he tries to fit in with Algernons profligate lifestyle. At many points in the play Jack says things that make the characters he is talking to believe he is someone he is not. This is usually due to the fact he is trying to cover up his lies. There are points when Jack is shown to be demanding. When he travels to the town, in act one, he says to Algernon I simply want my cigarette case back. This shows Jack to be demanding and perhaps impatient. The phrase simple want implies he is impatient as this is the way the line would be performed when on stage. I imagine that the line would be delivered in a snappy way, and Jack would probably look quite angry or uncomfortable. The line is short which would make the audience believe that Jack is short-tempered and the word want adds to this. His demand is polite yet the tone in the actors voice would give away that Jack was actually frustrated. In the conversation that is taking place, Algernon has read the inscription on the cigarette case, which makes it obvious that is belongs to Jack and is from Cecily. Algernon knows Jack as Ernest as this is what Jack calls himself in the town. Algy also knows the cigarette case belongs to Ernest so is confused by the inscription which goes against what he knows. The conversation arouses suspicion with Algy and so he starts questioning Jack (or Ernest as he is known to Algernon at this point). The quote links to this because instead of having a short-temper, he could have appeared impatient because he was anxious about being found out. The actor could show this by being fidgety and looking uncomfortable with the situation. This makes sense because Jack is happy with the way he has two lives, one in the town and one in the country and as no-body likes to be lied to, Algernon and Jack would probably wend up having a fight, and things would probably have to change or Algernon would want to meet Cecily and everything would get confusing, so Jack didnt want him to find out. If this is the case the word simply would be Jack trying to cover the fact he was really anxious to get his cigarette case back without Algy discovering the lies and him trying to sound as casual and calm as possible. Throughout the play, he is very cagey about the secrets and right up until the end, there are still things being discovered. Oscar Wilde sometimes gives the characters lines that just spark the idea with the audience that they are lying. At the beginning Jack says Eh? Shropshire? Yes of course! This gives the idea that Jack is lying about where he has been and where his house in the country it because he sounds confused. He is hesitant to begin with, like he is unsure of what he is talking about, even though, he should be sure. The question marks show the actor would go up at the end of the words, to make it clear it is a question. The actor would also probably have a confused face, while he thinks about what is being said. Jack after giving away slightly that he was lying tries to go back on himself, and cover it up by saying Yes, of course, as if he knew all along. This is a subtle effect used by Wilde, which just triggers the feeling he is being dishonest with the audience. From this point they are then more likely to pick up on other times when he is lying, which adds to both his character and the storyline. Narcissistic is a word that could be used to describe many of the characters but Jack definitely has this characteristic. Wilde makes all the characters self-centred and vain, which is a lot of the reason why the play is a comedy. It adds to the humour because they are only interested in their own lives, so end up clashing because they are unable to understand other people. Wilde shows Jack to have this trait with the line It is very painful for me to be forced to speak the truth. He doesnt realise how much his lying might upset people and hasnt thought about the consequences. All he wants is happiness for him and this links back to the point that he is demanding because he doesnt understand that others may have their own concerns. He has been lying but he doesnt think about how this will affect others just how painful it is for him. It sounds as if he doesnt realise that the lies may hurt others but he understands that it is wrong because he is embarrassed about having to tell them. He doesnt want to admit he has lied because he likes the situation he is in even though it is deceitful. At certain points he can be very hypocritical. He says to Algernon my dear fellow the sooner you give up this silly nonsense the better about his lying and having a double personality. This is hypocritical because Jack also has another personality and identity but this is what he is telling Algy off for! The fact he calls it silly nonsense shows that he recognises that what he is doing is a bit stupid and immature but this doesnt affect his actions because he is benefiting from having two identities because he can get out of things he doesnt want to do. Jack also appears to be romantic throughout the play. He loves Gwendolen and want impress both her and her mother; who wont let them marry. In the first act he appears very romantic when he admits his love to Gwendolen. The character has the line, I have never loved anyone in the world except you. He sounds very charming and this line is likely to surprise and impress Gwendolen. On stage this would probably be a very intense and emotional scene. Gwendolen and Jack are having this secret conversation while Lady Bracknell (Gwendolens mother), is in the other room, so it could be quite rushed or panicky. Later in act one he calls her My own darling which shows he is affectionate, but possible a bit possessive. The fact he calls her darling shows he is affectionate and adoring of her because it is a familiar pet-name. He says my own which is the part that makes him sound possessive because it sounds like she is a possession; an object rather than a woman. This could mean the character is controlling and maybe clingy. He wants other people to know Gwendolen is with him and it could be pride or it could be jealousy and control. Towards the end of the play, in act 3, Gwendolen says I am engaged to be married to Mr. Worthing. This quote makes Jack (Mr. Worthing) appears to be romantic because the couple have stayed together through the action in the play so far, even though they have had opposition. They are still serious about each other, and love each other even though their relationship was frowned upon and challenged by the highly respected Lady Bracknell. She was quite a fierce character so it makes it more likely that Jack and Gwendolen are truly in love, because they are in an unofficial and nonstandard relationship (because of the way they got together), and so should probably not be together but even with Lady Bracknell pressuring them to split up they havent. Their relationship is unusual because in that era, if you wanted to marry a woman you went to her parents first but Jack didnt do this, he went straight to Gwendolen, which must have angered Lady Bracknell as she would have felt protective towards Gwendolen. This proves Jack is romantic because he must have really loved Gwendolen, or at least really wanted to be with her because Lady Bracknell was very powerful and what he was doing, she disapproved of and could have probably done something about. However in the end Lady Bracknell does intervene, but Jack still protests by not allowing Cecily to marry Algernon, Lady Bracknells nephew. This shows a selfish side of Jack; he is stopping someone elses relationship because he cant have his own way. This links back to the idea that he was self centred because if he was selfless than he would let Cecily and Algernon be together because that would make them happy and even though he is upset, they could still continue their relationship, but they cant without his permission. I was in handbag. This is a quote that describes Jacks mysterious past, in which he was abandoned and found in a railway station. This has probably had an impact on his life and character and he may be so self-centred because he felt rejected and feels he deserves to be because his real parents didnt want him and so he gives himself the attention. On stage the conversation would probably be quite awkward because Lady Bracknell is questioning him and he is obviously embarrassed about his part and doesnt want it to come out. It remains quite mysterious (until the end) because he doesnt know who his parents are until it is revealed that his mother is Lady Bracknells sister. Jack is engaged to Gwendolen but that is just one relationship that he has. His best friend is called Algernon and actually turns out to be his brother! He lives in the town but travelled out to the country to find out about Jack. The two characters are in many ways very similar because they are both dishonest and irresponsible. This is shown when Jack says I could deny it if I liked, I could deny anything if I liked because he is implying that he is used to and good at lying and can get himself out of any situation. This is possible not the best thing to say in this situation as he has been found to be lying; by saying this he is implying that he lies all the time. This would only make the characters trust him less and wonder what else he has been lying about. He also sounds a bit cocky and again self-centred because he thinks he can do what he likes, without thinking and he can get away with it. This is a characteristic that he shares with Algy which is possibly why they get on so well. They are both Bunburyists which means they have created another identity to get them out of social meetings that they dont want to take part in! This shows they are both selfish and probably ungrateful because somebody has gone to the effort of inviting them to the event and then they pretend they are busy to get out of it. This is backed up by the quote you have invented a very useful younger brother in order that you may be able to come up to town as often as possible because it explains why Jack ahs created Earnest. Although they get on well on the whole, they sometimes have small disagreements over petty things. In act two they have a disagreement over muffins. How can you sit there, calmly eating muffins, when we are in this horrible trouble is a quote from this argument. They continue arguing over the muffins, but there is an underlying reason for this argument. They are both probably a bit annoyed and nervous as to what is going to happen next because both the women have just found out they are Bunburyists and have gone inside. This has left the men in bad moods and they need to take it out on someone so they have a go at each other over the first thing they can. Though the play is quite light-hearted being a comedy there is a serious message underneath. I believe one symbol of this is the food. It seems to be a key idea carried through the play: the cucumber sandwiches in the first act and muffins and cake and sugar in the second act. I think that the food and gluttony is a representation of other appetites and levels of indulgence. When Jack eats the bread and butter, that is meant for Gwendolen, enthusiastically it is humorous but also could show that he is assuming Gwendolen likes him, and also that he shouldnt like Gwendolen and is being greedy wit his women. This idea is intensified because Algy says you behave as if you were married to her already as if the bread and butter represented Gwendolen. This idea is also present when Cecily and Gwendolen meet in act two and Gwendolen claims Cake is rarely seen at the best houses nowadays. And sugar is not fashionable anymore because it shows Gwendolen is very fussy and very concerned about image and others opinions. This is the same when it comes to men because she was only marrying Jack because she thought his name was Earnest. Wilde uses theses symbols (like the food) and themes to get across his message. The main theme is marriage, both as part of the storyline and as an underlying opinion of Oscar Wilde and his opinions of the people of the era. It soon becomes clear that in the Victorian era money, social class and background are the important things for the upper class to find a partner. This is shown when Lady Bracknell is interviewing potential bachelors for Gwendolen How many bedrooms? . She is clearly thinking about the vale of the property and making sure Gwendolen will have a rich husband who will be able to support her financially. Cecily is very dreamy but Jack is the only one who is a true romantic and although he has fallen for a rich woman wouldnt necessarily want/need a rich woman. The fact that this is a play means that the audience would have to go to the theatre, probably meaning they are quite wealthy, and might not understand the jokes fully because it is about their lifestyle, so it could offend. I think for this reason Wilde made it a comedy so he didnt put people of too much by having a go in a light hearted way. Another message of the play is that all the characters are very similar. If you pick out any line, which doesnt contain a name then a lot of the time it is difficult to know which character said it. This could suggest that Wilde believed the upper class lacked character and individuality. Regularly in the play the characters (especially Gwendolen and her mother Lady Bracknell) appear to lack personality and just seem shallow and only concerned with money and what is fashionable. All the characters are well spoken, and often appear to be being polite well their motives are actually quite malicious. What the Victorians believed about morality is also a source for mock the Victorians for Wilde. Throughout the play there seems to be a set of unwritten moral rules that everyone should obey. For example when Jack finds out Algy has read his cigarette caser he says he thinks reading a private cigarette case is ungentlemanly. Wilde mocks this by making the characters take this to extreme lengths. The whole play is quite satirical and presents a moral paradox due to the fact the title is The Importance of Being Earnest, Earnestness is a quality of being serious and as none of the characters are meant to be this, its satire. What Wilde wants us to see as truly moral is really the opposite of earnestness: irreverence. The fact that the two main male characters lie throughout the play might also be a point that Wilde tries to get across. Both treat life as if it is just a game or a work of art that they can do what they like with. Algy although untruthful, only created Bunbury to travel different places however Jack takes it to another level, by taking on both identities, bothering with costumes when Ernest dies etc. Algy makes up stories that dont harm the others view on truth but Jack acts almost hypocritically. Overall, Jack didnt actually change that much over the course of the action. He starts lying and just lines from the end says it is a terrible thing for a man to find out suddenly that all his life he has been speaking nothing but the truth, so his views have not changed considerably. The plot has not changed his life a huge amount, especially not in a negative way that would prompt change. He has found out he has a brother, but it is his best friend anyway so even though it may change their relationship, its not negative. He temporarily split form Gwendolen but then they got back together so this is not negative and also Lady Bracknell has discovered Jack is her nephew so this is good. This means we will see no reason to change because everything is good and how he wants it to be. Wildes message is clear, and in general I would say he thought the upper class were shallow and self-centred!

Loblaws Annual Report Analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Loblaws Annual Report Analysis - Term Paper Example Such misstatements can arise from either an error or fraud. according to the auditor’s opinion, the consolidated financial statements presented fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Loblaw Companies Limited as at January 1, 2011 and were in accordance with the Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. 3. Loblaw is Canada’s largest grocery retailer and has taken several initiatives to ensure it sustains the environment. They practice sustainable seafood and have set up salmon farms. In order to prevent the detrimental impacts of excessive fishing, Loblaw is committed to sourcing 100% of their sold seafood from sustainable sources by the end of 2013. In addition to this, they have a campaign against the plastic bag consumption in their stores and were successful in reducing 2.5 billion plastic bags since 2007. Moreover, Loblaw gave a gift of $3 million to invest in researching sustainable means of food production. They also have initiated solar energy projects in partnership with Northland Power Inc. to help reduce their carbon footprint. Consequently, they have been awarded accolades and are ranked in top 50 Canadian sustainable companies list. 4. A) According to the matching principle, the company recognizes its revenue at its VIE and corporate stores at the time the sale is made to its customers and also at the time of delivery of its inventory to the associated and franchised stores B) When it comes to fixed assets they are recorded at cost which includes capitalized interest while depreciation starts once the asset has been put into use. The depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis and is depreciated over the estimated useful life of the asset which ranges from 20-40 years for buildings, up to 10 years for building improvements and from 3 to 10 years for equipment and fixtures. C) Goodwill at Loblaw is assessed for impairment at a minimum on an annual basis. It is done by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value. A goodwill impairment charge is recognized to the extent that the carrying value of goodwill exceeds the impaired fair value in operating income. D) The company assesses intangible assets to determine if their useful life is definite and in cases where it is they are amortized over their useful lives up to a maximum of 17 years. The intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are annually assessed for impairment. 5. Loblaw generated a higher profit per dollar of sales in the fiscal year 2010 compared to 2009. This is visible by two ratios namely Gross Profit per sales and Operating Margin. Operating Margin is calculated by dividing the Net Operating Income for a period with the Sales. The Operating Margin increased in 2010 to 4.1% from 3.9% in 2009. This is primarily attributed to the subsequent increase in gross profit and the impact the acquisition of T & T. Likewise, the Gross Profit as a percentage of Sales went up from 23.4% in 2009 to 24.5% in 2010 and was caused by factors such as strong Canadian dollars, improved control label, continued buying synergies and more disciplined vendor management. 6. The interest coverage ratio measures the interest payment of the company compared to its Earnings before Income and Taxes. The greater the Interest coverage ratio the better the chances of the company in paying its debt

READING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

READING - Assignment Example Of great interest is the position that Kal Raustilia and Chris Sprigman (2012) take, contrary to conventional knowledge and mainstream belief. Raustilia and Sprigman are of the persuasion that it is not possible to quantify losses attributed to piracy and copyright violations and that statistical provisions by proponents of Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and Protect IP Act (PIPA) which show that copyright infringement costs the US 200 billion dollars and 750,000 jobs annually, cannot be relied upon. Raustilia and Sprigman (2012) cite Tim Lee’s assertion that statistical figures should neither be taken at face value, nor unquestionably relied upon since such figures are almost always prone to approximations, double and triple counting. Raustilia and Sprigman continue that in some instances, music piracy may serve as substitute for legitimate transactions, and that the same can also trigger increased savings, since, instead of money being spent to purchase music, music is downloa ded on the one hand. On the other hand, increased savings may catalyze economically significant initiatives and undertakings, and thereby covering for the supposed loss of jobs and revenue which piracy may have caused. Nevertheless, a critical look at factors that underpin legislation which proscribe the infringement of copyright rules and logical reasoning leave the proposition which Raustilia and Sprigman advance as too impractical to be effected. In the same vein, it is most probable that Raustilia and Sprigman had not thought deeply about the implications that would come with the violation and collective disregard of copyright laws. In the first place, Gorski (2011) illustrates that the need to safeguard creativity and originality defeats the standpoint that Raustilia and Sprigman (2012) advance. It must be realized that the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Title 17 of the United States Code, the NET Act and the Copyright Act of 1909 do not merely seek to ensure that all who ac cess music buy them, but to actually protect originality and creativity. Always, music is a culmination of training and creativity which are valuable resources. It is preposterous to argue that the training and creativity which an individual uses to earn a living should be treated as valueless. In this case, Raustilia and Sprigman’s proposition that music piracy can help generate financial or economic value does not suffice since such an arrangement alienates the original thinker, creator and director of an original piece from his work. The kind of advancement which Raustilia and Sprigman make is tantamount to robbing Peter to pay Paul, if not worse. In a separate wavelength, it is important to note that legislative pieces such as the Copyright Act of 1909, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Title 17 of the United States Code and the NET Act are the very provisions which created the existence of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and mandates RIAA to disc harge its duties and responsibilities. RIAA shows clearly that the music industry alone have forfeited millions of dollars to piracy. RIAA further divulges that in 2002, music revenue fell by 7% since the sale of CDs declined from 882 million to 803 million units. The report that RIAA provides in this case may be used to vindicate the statistical provisions that the proponents of SOPA and PIPA advance

Measles: Symptoms and Treatment

Measles: Symptoms and Treatment Katie James Measles are very contagious disease. They are spread by someone coming in contact with infected mucus and or salvia. An Infected piece of the virus can go through the air and settle on anything and any person in close contact will become infected. Children are more common to get the disease especially if they are not vaccinated. Some basic symptoms of measles include rash, watery eyes, dry cough and fever. It takes more than one week for the virus to get comfortable in the body. That means in can take several days for the symptoms to effect someone. The virus has no treatment. So its best to get the vaccine to protect oneself. If one does get the measles virus, limit the interactions with others, to prevent spreading the disease to someone else and contaminating surfaces. Doctors can usually diagnose a patient with measles disease when they find out the symptoms. Complications from measles can happen to people. There are common less severe complications, ear infection and more seriou s complications like brain damage. Once a person gets measles the can not get them more than once. The body will be immune from the measles for life. Measles are a viral infection located in the respiratory system (Dawn M. 2013). Measles are a disease in which it is very highly contagious when in contact or exposed to. The measles virus can live on surfaces for many hours. Measles are mainly a childhood disease but it has no limit on age and people of any age can get measles. Measles can be described as an endemic disease which means it is frequently existing in a community and peoples body are able to put up a fight against the disease (Dawn M. 2013). The opposite would happen if measles go to a place where people have never been exposed, death and serious illness may affect the people who get the virus. Its important to identify the symptoms measles have on people and know the treatments and preventions available to people. How would someone be able to identify or know that they have the measles? The measles virus will enter the body and not show any signs of the body being affected by the disease until nine to even 14 days after the virus has entered (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). The most noticed sign of the measles is a skin rash. The rash look red and has itchy bumps. The rash can last up to seven days (Measles, 2016). The measles rash can show signs on the body within three to four days after the body has been exposed to the virus (Measles,2016). Most of the time the rash will begin on the head and behind the ears and it will slowly spread all over body, it may take two to three days for the rash to spread all over the body (Measles, 2016). The rashes red spots will eventually grow and combine together this will make the skin look very red and irritated. As time goes on the rash turns a brownish color (Measles, 2016). Measles rash can be very serious and cause a great amount of illness. Its important u nderstand measles rash versus a rash caused by a different disease. The rash is only part of the measles virus. Fever is also a symptom of measles (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). The fever could be sever or just a mild one. The fever may drop and then rise again as the rash is spreading. Other symptoms of measles may include a running nose, body aches, tiredness, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, a cough and a sore throat.(Measles, 2016) When a person has the measles they may be sensitive to the light. Red eyes, swollen eyes, the feeling of inflammation in the eyes and watery eye are all symptoms of having the measles (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). Also kopliks spots will develop in side the mouth, cheeks and throat are all signs of measles (Measles, 2014) The spots in the mouth have a greyish, white color tent to them (Measles, 2014). If the symptoms of measles virus do not improve after a number of days, or all symptoms have went away except the fever if may very serious and a doctor s hould be contacted. Normally once the body is exposed to the virus, the immune system will make start making antibodies and help fight off the virus as well as give the body lifelong immunity against the measles virus. It is not highly expected for a person to get measles more than once. (Pommerville. J.C, 2016) Diagnosing measles for a doctor is usually fairly easily if the signs and symptoms discussed are present in and on the body (Ryan K.J, 2010). If the doctor can not diagnose with certainty. They can order a blood test and this will be able to check the blood for the measles virus. Since measles are highly contagious, children should not return to school at least until five days have passed since the rash has appeared or longer if needed (Knott. D.L, 2014). How does the measles virus and develop? How are the measeles transmitted? Right after the virus enters the body, the virus multiplies in the back of throat, lungs and the lymphatic system (Dawn. M, 2013). The virus likes to live in throat mucus and nose of the infected person (Dawn. M, 2013). A person is contagious usually four days before the measles rash will appear and is still contagious four to five days after the rash is on the body (Measles, 2014). It is not likely that a person will get measles twice. If a person has not been infected by measles before or if they have not been vaccinated, as soon as they come in close contact with an infected person they are really pushing it and are more then likely going to become ill (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). About ninety percent of people who are not vaccinated and live in the same house as someone who has measles will develop the measles virus (Dawn. M, 2013). The measles virus will spread from one person to many others. If a non infect ed person comes in physical contact with a person you is, they will get the virus. As well as if the non infected person touches anything that has been infected by the virus and then putting the hand in the mouth, rubbing nose and or mouth (Dawn. M, 2013). It can also be spread by a infected person coughing or sneezing around others who are not infected. The virus can stay active on surfaces for about two hours (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). Measles is disease the affects only humans, animals cannot spread or get the measles virus (Knott. D. L, 2015). Measles are very contagious and its important to get the measles vaccine because measles can lead to serious complications. What are some complications of measles? More common complications can lead to eye infections, laryngitis and an ear infection causing earaches (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). Other complications include bronchitis, and decrease in blood platelets (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). These ones so far are not life threating but are still something to be aware of when having the measles virus. Less common but more serious illness that could come from measles could be brain inflammation and this can cause brain damage and death, it is not that likely but it is still a possibility (Ryan K. J, 2016). Difficulty breathing or having chest pains can be a complication (Ryan K. J 2016). The measles virus can affect nerves or muscles that lead the to eyes. If this happens a person may squint as a complication from the virus (Ryan K. J, 2016). Other serious complications could be blindnes s and having a preterm baby or even a miscarriage (Mayo clinic staff, 2014) Once a person becomes infected by the measles virus, how is it treated? When it comes to the measles virus there is no certain treatment. There is no prescriptions of medication to give to a person infected by the measles virus. The virus symptoms will usually go away in two to three weeks ( Dawn M, 2013). Thought there is no way of treating the measles virus there are ways help relieve some of the symptoms. Getting plenty of rest will help your immune system. Taking an appropriate amount of Tylenol or I ibuprofen can help keep the fever down and relieve any body aces. Drinking a lot of fluids will help keep the fever down ( Mayo clinic staff, 2104). To help a sore throat or cough, a humidifier may give an ease to the throat. A person should stay in places that are not super bright to keeps they eyes from getting to inflamed. Taking vitamin A supplements are shown to help prevent serious complications from the measles virus (Measles, 2016). The treatment for the measles virus only ea ses the symptoms until the immune system of the body takes care of the infection. Measles virus is not a pleasant virus to get. The best way someone can be preventive in not getting the measles virus is by getting the MMR vaccine. The MMR vaccine is a three in one vaccine that prevents you from getting measles, as well as mumps and rubella (Pommerville. J.C, 2016). The immunizations people get help prevent an outbreak of the measles virus. Children are able to get the first MMR vaccine at the age of 1 years old ( Mayo clinic staff, 2014). They can get a second dose between the ages of four and six (Mayo clinic staff, 2014). If adult has not received the immunization they can always get vaccinated by a doctor. People who should not take the vaccine are women who are pregnant (Knott D.L,2015). Since measles are extremely contagious and there are no specified treatments to cure the measles virus, the most important and best way to stay clear of the virus is by prevention (Measles, 2016). Which is by a person getting a vaccine and eliminating the chance of becoming in fected by the measles virus. References Dawn, M. (2013). Measles: History, Symptoms, Treatment, and Effects of the Vaccine.  CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. Knott, D. L. (2015, March 02). Measles | Health. Retrieved March, 2017, from  https://patient.info/health/measles-leaflet Mayo Clinic Staff. (2014, May24). Measles. Retrieved March, 2017, from  http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/measles/DSOO331 Measles (2016, March). Retrieved March, 2017, from  http://who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs286/en Pommerville, J. C., Alcamo, I. E. (2016). Fundamentals of microbiology (3rd ed.). Burlington,  MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Ryan, K. J. (2010). Sherris medical microbiology (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.   Ã‚  

Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds Education Essay

Many issues that become about in a kid ‘s instruction bend into tough challenges for instructors, kids, and besides households. These issues fall under the class of â€Å" Children ‘s Oral Language Learning † and these issues are simply a trial to see merely how far instructors, kids and parents will travel to supply the critical instruction that a kid needs, and in the procedure, larning something new themselves each twenty-four hours. The subject and its issues that will be outlined and analysed that is related to kids ‘s unwritten linguistic communication acquisition is Second Language Learning. Three issues that are associated with 2nd linguistic communication acquisition will be outlined, analysed and theorised. Following that will be the recommendations and suggestions for pedagogues of immature kids in respects to 2nd linguistic communication acquisition. The first issue that is associated with 2nd linguistic communication acquisition is that kids who come from culturally and linguistically diverse ( CALD ) backgrounds may happen it hard to set in a new school and may experience left out and/or stray amongst other equals and instructors. As a consequence they may happen it nerve-racking to larn English and may show hurt or defeat in school. The 2nd issue associated with this subject is that parents who come from a CALD background may experience uncomfortable and unaware of what is traveling on in the school and with their kids ‘s acquisition because they are disadvantaged by being unable to talk or understand English. They may besides experience as if their demands and more significantly their kids ‘s demands are being neglected and non met due to their inability to talk English. The 3rd issue that is associated with this subject is that instructors should guarantee that during the 2nd linguistic communication larning procedure that they maintain the kid ‘s first/home linguistic communication, guaranting that it does non go lost in the procedure. The first issue that is associated with 2nd linguistic communication acquisition is that kids who come from a CALD background may hold trouble seting to a new school or in an environment that they are non comfy in, and holding to larn a 2nd linguistic communication can do it more nerve-racking for the kid. The key to larning a 2nd linguistic communication, particularly when it is a kid that is larning the 2nd linguistic communication, is to take it one measure at a clip. Rushing the kid through the procedure will merely do it more nerve-racking for both the kid and the pedagogue. The kid may meet feelings of defeat and hurt, hence doing it harder for the kid to set to the school ‘s environment and besides to acquire along with other equals. Educators should besides maintain in head that marginalizing and/or pretermiting CALD kids should n't take topographic point in the schoolroom. CALD kids could perchance meet similar experiences from schoolmates, such as negative behavior and attitudes including racism. Everyone has their ain sentiments and some may experience stronger about peculiar issues so others. ( Newman & A ; Pollnitz, 2005 ) . The ground as to why everyone has different beliefs and sentiments is due to their upbringing, that is, what their parents believed and taught them, their environmental milieus and the people in their community holding certain beliefs and ethical motives, hence impacting others. Whether their sentiments and ethical motives are right or incorrect, it has become a portion of who they are. Nevertheless, when people express their feelings towards certain issues, they seldom take into history how another person may experience about the remarks and sentiments put frontward ( Preston 1996 ) . This can be farther supported by Rizvi ( 1993 ) who mentions that as kids grow older they progressively seek to turn up themselves within contradictory discourses of popular racism. Contradictory discourses of popular racism can besides act upon a individual ‘s subjectiveness and where they place themselves in society, which can so hold a negative impact on CALD kids and their households as they may experience vulnerable and inferior because of how others may comprehend them. Furthermore, kids who do n't come from a CALD background could individual out, or marginalise kids who are from a CALD background, hence doing them experience neglected and isolated, and even insignificant in the schoolroom, therefore doing the 2nd linguistic communication larning procedure more hard for both kid and instructor. To assist with this issue, pedagogues are recommended or suggested to guarantee that all kids are included in category treatments, acquiring them involved in group activities and besides edifice and keeping a good and collaborated relationship between the pedagogues and kids, and besides between the kids from CALD and non-CALD backgrounds. This could include holding CALD kids bring in different resources from place such as books in their ain linguistic communication and so holding groups of kids write or draw their ain reading of the book so discoursing it as a whole about what they have written or drawn. Another illustration to assist kids experience more included and to work collaboratively with other kids is to integrate engineering into the kids ‘s acquisition. Technology such as educational computing machine games can successfully heighten a kid ‘s relationship with other kids and more significantly their literacy accomplishments. This can be supported by Resnyanicsy ( 2001 ) who notes that the new agencies of literacy through engineering opens up new acquisition chances Furthermore, when working closely with kids, households, communities and staff, it is important that early childhood pedagogues recognise the differing values and belief systems that people have in the universe. Furthermore, it is of import to guarantee that people are cognizant of how they perceive difference. It is unjust to consciously or unconsciously exclude and marginalise others based on discourses that place persons in a negative manner The 2nd issue that is associated with this subject is that parents from a CALD background may see feelings of hurt and defeat for their kid ‘s acquisition and may experience as though their kids ‘s demands are n't being met. They may besides experience as though their demands are being neglected and may experience that they and their kids are disadvantaged in some manner due to their inability to talk a 2nd linguistic communication. This can be supported by district attorney Silva and Wise ( 2006 ) who note that parents ‘ perceptual experiences towards quality attention in a school environment depend on the footing of their cognition towards quality attention and kid development. What parents delineate as quality attention depends on what they believe the household needs ( district attorney Silva & A ; Wise, 2006, who cite Emlen, Koren & A ; Schultze, 1999 ) , and besides due to their cultural upbringings, values and rules ( district attorney Silva & A ; Wise, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to Siddiqi et Al ( 2006 ) , the household environment as a domain of influence is an of import facet for kids. Children ‘s development is influenced by their household environment. For this ground household engagement is important to assist kids experience secure, loved and supported, furthermore can be seen as a measure in the right way for inclusion in the early childhood scene. Recommendations for pedagogues who are involved in the 2nd linguistic communication larning procedure in respects to this issue could include constructing collaborative relationships with households who come from a CALD background. Building and keeping collaborative relationships with CALD parents can turn out to an effectual and worthwhile experience, therefore doing the 2nd linguistic communication larning procedure easier for the kid and instructor. This can be supported by Billman et Al ( 2005 ) and Tett et Al ( 2003 ) who note that constructing collaborative and effectual partnerships amongst stakeholders, peculiarly instructors and parents, can turn out to be a worthwhile and efficient relationship between the two groups. For illustration, Billman et Al ( 2005 ) notes that what kids learn in the school environment, will trip on-going conversations with their parents at place. This of class can heighten the kid ‘s 2nd linguistic communication acquisition, every bit good as the partnership between the parents and the staff. This could include instructors holding afternoon tea with the parents, to do them experience more comfy, as an afternoon tea can be less of a formal meeting so that the parents do n't experience tense or awkward in that state of affairs. To let them to go cognizant of the regard and recognition that pedagogues have towards cultural diverseness, instructors could inquire parents to come in and convey in different resources from their background and to demo them to the kids and so leting the kids to research the different resources. Having regular afternoon teas, even if it is one time a month, is important so that pedagogues get to maintain the parents involved in their kid ‘s acquisition, and to do them experience and understand that they are a valuable resource in their kid ‘s acquisition. Another recommendation could be for pedagogues to propose to parents where they could happen topographic points where they can larn English or another 2nd linguistic communication and where they can happen resources in the community to assist them with the whole procedure. Having a multicultural twenty-four hours at the school or other cultural events could besides be another recommendation for pedagogues. This could assist parents experience and understand that their civilization is valued and respected in the school community. Besides in the procedure kids get to larn about the different civilizations of the universe and parents could convey in their cultural nutrients and music to tum it into an eventful twenty-four hours. Parents and pedagogues, from both positions, have identified in the past and at present clip that some instructors have been respectful or cognizant of other civilizations in the school, even more so than others. They normally tend to admit this factor and recognise and raise consciousness towards an issue or concern towards any cultural difference ( district attorney Silva & A ; Wise, 2006 ; Pacini-Ketchabaw & A ; Schecter, 2002 ) . Furthermore, when kids become cognizant of the constructive relationship between their parents and their instructors, so it is likely for the kid to organize a stronger bond with their instructors ( Billman et al, 2005, who cite Elicker & A ; Fortner-Wood, 1995 ) . The 3rd subject that is associated with 2nd linguistic communication acquisition is guaranting that when larning a 2nd linguistic communication, that instructors maintain the place linguistic communication in the school environment, so that it does non go lost or forgotten. It can go rather easy to ignore or bury the kid ‘s first/home linguistic communication, so it is imperative that instructors and kids become cognizant of this factor and guarantee that they do everything that they can to maintain the place linguistic communication acknowledged and remembered ( Makin & A ; Jones Diaz, 2002 ) . By keeping the kid ‘s place linguistic communication, instructors are turn outing that they are admiting and esteeming other diversenesss in the schoolroom. This can be supported by Pacini-Ketchabaw & A ; Schecter ( 2002 ) who note that Teachers ‘ engagements in a kid ‘s lingual and diverse background prove that they value the civilization and are committed to the kid ‘s learning procedure. Furthermore, cultural diverseness can be seen as the chief nexus between the place and the school, every bit good as the stakeholders, that being the parents, the instructors and the community ( Pacini-Ketchabaw and Schecter, 2002 ) This can be fbrther supported by Newman & A ; Pollnitz, ( 2005 ) who believe that â€Å" Culture is seen to compromise the manner people live- their linguistic communication, music, history, art, values and beliefs † ( p.254 ) . Therefore it is of import to include kids ‘s place languages into the school scenes to guarantee they feel valued and self worthy, this will assist observe diverseness in a positive mode. Recommendations for pedagogues for this issue could be affecting parents in their kid ‘s acquisition, as mentioned in the 2nd issue. Besides, similar to the first issue ‘s reconmendations, kids and parents could convey in different resources such as books and images from their cultural background, to heighten the collaborative relationship between the pedagogues and the parents, and besides between the kids and pedagogues, and to a fbrther extent, kids ‘s relationships with their schoolmates. Not merely does this heighten the relationships between the stakeholders, but by conveying in different resources from assorted cultural backgrounds, kids ‘s literacy skills become enhanced in the procedure ( Barratt-Pugh et Al, 2003 ) . Educators should be cognizant that a kid ‘s apprehension of literacy starts in the place. This can be supported by Jones Diaz ( 2007 ) who province that â€Å" Young kids ‘s apprehensions about literacy develop within their sociocultural and lingual communities † . ( p7 ) . Educators can integrate more than one linguistic communication pattern to guarantee kids are acquiring the best possible experience. Children and households will more likely feel that their involvements are valued and worthy. This can farther be supported by Marsh ( 2002 ) who says that kids who come from a CALD background have high opportunities of heightening their literacy accomplishments in the school environment. For illustration, instructors are able to integrate chances into the school, in this instance, heightening a non-English speech production pupil ‘s literacy accomplishments. Overall, cultural diverseness in the place, in the school and in the broader society is an facet of every individual ‘s life that must be valued, treated severally and every bit and must non be disregarded by persons, particularly by pedagogues of kids. Educators should besides be unfastened to new instruction facets, particularly when it is in respects to doing a kid feel included and besides when it involves heightening a kid ‘s literacy accomplishments. As literacy is everlastingly changing, so is the manner that instructors teach and kids learn ( Makin & A ; Jones Diaz, 2002 ) . As mentioned antecedently, engineering can be seen to be a successful tool to integrate into the kid ‘s acquisition when it comes to heightening their literacy accomplishments. However, many instructors will prefer to lodge with their original instruction ways, ways in which they are familiar and comfy with. Nevertheless, Cunningham-Andersen & A ; Andersson ( 1999 ) note that instructors should seek and avoid their ain single rules parallel to their instruction moralss to supply an instruction for kids that will heighten important and good developmental accomplishments in the kid ‘s acquisition.

Abraham Lincoln and American History

Abraham Lincoln was an important part of American history. He ended slavery and helped America through the civil war. Abraham Lincoln was one of the truly great men of all time. Even as a boy, Lincoln showed ability as a speaker. He often amused himself and others by imitating some preacher or politician who had spoken in the area. People liked to gather at the general store in the crossroads village of Gentryville. Lincoln's gift for telling stories made him a favorite with the people there. In spite of his youth, he was well known in his neighborhood. In 1834, Lincoln again ran for the legislature. He had become better known by this time, and won election as a Whig. He served four successive two-year terms in the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly. During his first term, he met a young Democratic legislator, Stephen A. Douglas. Lincoln quickly came to the front in the legislature. He was witty and ready in debate. His skill in party management enabled him to become the Whig floor leader at the beginning of his second term. He took leading parts in the establishment of the Bank of Illinois and in the adoption of a plan for a system of railroads and canals. This plan broke down after the Panic of 1837. Lincoln also led a successful campaign for moving the state capital from Vandalia to Springfield. While in the legislature, Lincoln made his first public statement on slavery. In 1837, the legislature passed by an overwhelming majority resolutions condemning abolition societies. These societies urged freedom for slaves. Lincoln and another legislator, Dan Stone, filed a protest. They admitted that Congress had no power to interfere with slavery in the states where it existed. They believed â€Å"the promulgation of abolition doctrines tend rather to increase than abate its evils. *1 Their protest arose from the legislature's failure to call slavery an evil practice. Lincoln and Stone declared that â€Å"the institution of slavery is founded on both injustice and bad policy. â€Å"*2 Later, Lincoln continued with his dream to become part of the law. He wanted to become president. On March 4, 1861, Lincoln took the oath of office and became the 16th President of the United States. In his inaugural address, Lincoln denied that he had any intention of interfering with slavery in states where the Constitution protected it. He urged the preservation of the Union. Lincoln warned that he would use the full power of the nation to â€Å"hold, occupy, and possess† the â€Å"property and places†*3 belonging to the federal government. By â€Å"property and places,† he meant forts, arsenals, and custom houses. Lincoln's closing passage had great beauty and literary power. He appealed to â€Å"the mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land. † The attack on Fort Sumter marked the start of the Civil War. Lincoln met the crisis with energetic action. He called out the militia to suppress the â€Å"insurrection. He proclaimed a blockade of Southern ports, and expanded the army beyond the limit set by law. He then led the United States during the Civil War (1861-1865), which was the greatest crisis in U. S. history. During the Civil War, Lincoln's first task was to win the war. He had to view nearly all other matters in relation to the war. It was â€Å"the progress of our arms,† he once said, â€Å"upon which all else depends. † But Lincoln was a peace-loving man who had earlier described military glory as â€Å"that attractive rainbow, that rises in showers of blood–that serpent's eye that charms to destroy. *4 The Civil War was by far the bloodiest war in U. S. history. Lincoln became a remarkable war leader. Some historians believe he was the chief architect of the Union's victorious military strategy. This strategy called for Union armies to advance against the enemy on all fronts at the same time. Lincoln also insisted that the objective of the Union armies should be the destruction of opposing forces, not the conquest of territory. Lincoln changed generals several times because he could not find one who would fight the war the way he wanted it fought. When he finally found such a general, Ulysses S. Grant, Lincoln stood firmly behind him. Lincoln's second great task was to keep up Northern morale through the horrible war in which many relatives in the North and South fought against one another. He understood that the Union's resources vastly exceeded those of the Confederacy, and that the Union would eventually triumph if it remained dedicated to victory. For this reason, Lincoln used his great writing and speechmaking abilities to spur on his people. If the Union had been destroyed, the United States could have become two, or possibly more, nations. These nations separately could not have become as prosperous and important as the United States is today. By preserving the Union, Lincoln influenced the course of world history. By ending slavery, he helped assure the moral strength of the United States. His own life story, too, has been important. He rose from humble origin to the nation's highest office. What did Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation do to help the Civil War? It declared freedom for slaves in all areas of the Confederacy that were still in rebellion against the Union. The proclamation also provided for the use of blacks in the Union Army and Navy. As a result, it greatly influenced the North's victory in the war. The 11 states of the Confederacy seceded from the Union in 1860 and 1861. They seceded primarily because they feared Lincoln would restrict their right to do as they chose about the question of black slavery. The North entered the Civil War only to reunite the nation, not to end slavery. During the first half of the war, abolitionists and some Union military leaders urged Lincoln to issue a proclamation freeing the slaves. They argued that such a policy would help the North because slaves were contributing greatly to the Confederate war effort. By doing most of the South's farming and factory work, slaves made whites available for the Confederate Army. Lincoln agreed with the abolitionists' view of slavery. He once declared that â€Å"if slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong. â€Å"*5 But early in the war, Lincoln believed that if he freed the slaves, he would divide the North. Lincoln feared that four slave-owning border states; Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri, would secede if he adopted such a policy. In July 1862, with the war going badly for the North, Congress passed a law freeing all Confederate slaves who came into Union lines. At about that same time, Lincoln decided to change his stand on slavery. But he waited for a Union military victory, so that his decision would not appear to be a desperate act. On Sept. 22, 1862, five days after Union forces won the Battle of Antietam, Lincoln issued a preliminary proclamation. It stated that if the rebelling states did not return to the Union by Jan. 1, 1863, he would declare their slaves to be â€Å"forever free. The South rejected Lincoln's policy, and so he issued the Emancipation Proclamation on Jan. 1, 1863. Lincoln took this action as commander in chief of the Army and Navy of the United States. He called it â€Å"a fit and necessary war measure. † The Emancipation Proclamation did not actually free a single slave, because it affected only areas under Confederate control. It excluded slaves in the border states and in such Southern areas under Union control as Tennessee and parts of Louisiana and Virginia. But it did lead to the 13th Amendment to the Constitution. This amendment, which became law on Dec. 18, 1865, ended slavery in all parts of the United States. As the abolitionists had predicted, the Emancipation Proclamation strengthened the North's war effort and weakened the South's. By the end of the war, more than 500,000 slaves had fled to freedom behind Northern lines. Many of them joined the Union Army or Navy or worked for the armed forces as laborers. By allowing blacks to serve in the Army and Navy, the Emancipation Proclamation helped solve the North's problem of declining enlistments. About 200,000 black soldiers and sailors, many of them former slaves, served in the armed forces. They helped the North win the war. The Emancipation Proclamation also hurt the South by discouraging Britain and France from entering the war. Both of those nations depended on the South to supply them with cotton, and the Confederacy hoped that they would fight on its side. But the proclamation made the war a fight against slavery. Lincoln†s decisions and Emancipation Proclamation led to the 15th amendment which freed slaves. Without it, life today would be much different. He changed life for all Americans, black and white. How did the Pacific Railroad Act have an impact on American History? It provided for the building of the nation's first transcontinental rail line. Abraham Lincoln was in office when the Pacific Railroad Act was signed. He made a huge impact by signing the act. It was the first step to trading with other states that were far apart and new ways of transportation. States could now trade meat and states could focus on the products that are most practical for their part of the country. The act gave two companies responsibility for building the railroad. The Union Pacific was to start laying track westward from a point near Omaha. The Central Pacific Railroad was to lay track eastward from Sacramento. Congress granted both railroads large tracts of land and millions of dollars in government loans. Work began on the Central Pacific track in 1863 and on the Union Pacific in 1865. The railroads faced the gigantic task of crossing the rugged Rockies and the towering Sierra Nevada. To obtain the necessary labor, the Central Pacific hired thousands of Chinese immigrants to work on the railroad. Thousands of European immigrants worked on the Union Pacific. On May 10, 1869, the tracks of the two railroads finally met at Promontory, Utah. North America became the first continent to have a rail line from coast to coast. By the end of the 1800's, the United States had five transcontinental rail lines. The Canadian Pacific Railway (now CP Rail) completed Canada's first transcontinental line in 1885. It extended from Montreal, Quebec, to Vancouver, British Columbia. The completion of these rail lines opened vast regions of the continent to settlement and trade. How did the sayings of Abraham Lincoln help people? Abraham gave many speeches in his life that inspired people to be all that they can be and do what is right. Gettysburg Address is a short speech that United States President Abraham Lincoln delivered during the American Civil War at the site of the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania. He delivered the address on Nov. 19, 1863, at ceremonies to dedicate a part of the battlefield as a cemetery for those who had lost their lives in the battle. The principal speaker was Edward Everett, one of the greatest orators of his day. He spoke for two hours. Lincoln was asked to say a few words, and spoke for about two minutes. Lincoln wrote the address to help ensure that the battle would be seen as a great Union triumph and to define for the people of the Northern States the purpose in fighting the war. Some historians think his simple and inspired words, which are among the best remembered in American history, reshaped the nation by defining it as one people dedicated to one principle–that of equality. Lincoln wrote five different versions of the speech. He wrote most of the first version in Washington, D. C. , and probably completed it at Gettysburg. He probably wrote the second version at Gettysburg on the evening before he delivered his address. He held this second version in his hand during the address. But he made several changes as he spoke. The most important change was to add the phrase â€Å"under God† after the word â€Å"nation† in the last sentence. Lincoln also added that phrase to the three versions of the address that he wrote after the ceremonies at Gettysburg. Lincoln wrote the final version of the address–the fifth written version–in 1864. This version also differed somewhat from the speech he actually gave, but it was the only copy he signed. It is carved on a stone plaque in the Lincoln Memorial. Many false stories have grown up about this famous speech. One story says that the people of Lincoln's time did not appreciate the speech. But the reaction of the nation's newspapers largely followed party lines. Most of the newspapers that backed the Republican Party, the party to which Lincoln belonged, liked the speech. A majority of the newspapers that supported the Democratic Party did not. Edward Everett, the principal speaker at the dedication, wrote to Lincoln: â€Å"I should be glad if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central idea of the occasion in two hours as you did in two minutes. *6 Abrahams two minute speech had more of an impact that a two hour speech. Lincoln touched many hearts and others despised him. It does not matter if they liked him or not, they were still affected by his words and actions. Abraham Lincoln affected the U. S. in many different ways. He led the United States during the Civil War, one of the most brutal battles in history. Lincoln helped end slavery in the nation and helped keep the American Union from splitting apart during the war. Lincoln thus believed that he proved to the world that democracy can be a lasting form of government. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, second inaugural address, and many of his other speeches and writings are classic statements of democratic beliefs and goals. Lincoln, a Republican, was the first member of his party to become President. He was assassinated near the end of the Civil War and was succeeded by Vice President Andrew Johnson. Lincoln was the first U. S. President to be assassinated. Without President Lincoln life today would be much different. We have him to thank for a lot of the great accomplishments in history.